用WebClient.UploadData方法上载文件数据的方法

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假如某网站有个表单,例如(url:http://localhost/login.aspx): 帐号 密码 我们需要在程序中提交数据到这个表单,对于这种表单,我们可以使用WebClient.UploadData方法来实现,将所要上传的数据拼成字符即可,程序很简单: stringuriString="http://localhost/login.aspx"; //创建一个新的WebClient实例. WebClientmyWebClient=newWebClient(); stringpostData="Username=admin&Password=admin"; //注意这种拼字符串的ContentType myWebClient.Headers.Add("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); //转化成二进制数组 byte[]byteArray=Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(postData); //上传数据,并获取返回的二进制数据. byte[]responseArray=myWebClient.UploadData(uriString,"POST",byteArray); 对于文件上传类的表单,例如(url:http://localhost/uploadFile.aspx): 文件 对于这种表单,我们可以使用 StringuriString="http://localhost/uploadFile.aspx"; //创建一个新的WebClient实例. WebClientmyWebClient=newWebClient(); stringfileName=@"C:upload.txt"; //直接上传,并获取返回的二进制数据. byte[]responseArray=myWebClient.UploadFile(uriString,"POST",fileName); 还有一种表单,不仅有文字,还有文件,例如(url:http://localhost/uploadData.aspx): 文件名 文件 对于这种表单,似乎前面的两种方法都不能适用,对于第一种方法,不能直接拼字符串,对于第二种,我们只能传文件,重新回到第一个方法,注意参数: publicbyte[]UploadData( stringaddress, stringmethod, byte[]data ); 在第一个例子中,是通过拼字符串来得到byte[]data参数值的,对于这种表单显然不行,反过来想想,对于uploadData.aspx这样的程序来说,直接通过网页提交数据,后台所获取到的流是什么样的呢?(在我以前的一篇blog中,曾分析过这个问题:asp无组件上传进度条解决方案),最终的数据如下: -----------------------------7d429871607fe Content-Disposition:form-data;name="file1";filename="G:homepage.txt" Content-Type:text/plain 宝玉:http://www.webuc.net -----------------------------7d429871607fe Content-Disposition:form-data;name="filename" defaultfilename -----------------------------7d429871607fe-- 所以只要拼一个这样的byte[]data数据Post过去,就可以达到同样的效果了。但是一定要注意,对于这种带有文件上传的,其ContentType是不一样的,例如上面的这种,其ContentType为"multipart/form-data;boundary=---------------------------7d429871607fe"。有了ContentType,我们就可以知道boundary(就是上面的"---------------------------7d429871607fe"),知道boundary了我们就可以构造出我们所需要的byte[]data了,最后,不要忘记,把我们构造的ContentType传到WebClient中(例如:webClient.Headers.Add("Content-Type",ContentType);)这样,就可以通过WebClient.UploadData方法上载文件数据了。 具体代码如下: 生成二进制数据类的封装 usingSystem; usingSystem.Web; usingSystem.IO; usingSystem.Net; usingSystem.Text; usingSystem.Collections; namespaceUploadData.Common ...{ /**////<summary> ///创建WebClient.UploadData方法所需二进制数组 ///</summary> publicclassCreateBytes ...{ Encodingencoding=Encoding.UTF8; /**////<summary> ///拼接所有的二进制数组为一个数组 ///</summary> ///<paramname="byteArrays">数组</param> ///<returns></returns> ///<remarks>加上结束边界</remarks> publicbyte[]JoinBytes(ArrayListbyteArrays) ...{ intlength=0; intreadLength=0; //加上结束边界 stringendBoundary=Boundary+"--rn";//结束边界 byte[]endBoundaryBytes=encoding.GetBytes(endBoundary); byteArrays.Add(endBoundaryBytes); foreach(byte[]binbyteArrays) ...{ length+=b.Length; } byte[]bytes=newbyte[length]; //遍历复制 // foreach(byte[]binbyteArrays) ...{ b.CopyTo(bytes,readLength); readLength+=b.Length; } returnbytes; } publicboolUploadData(stringuploadUrl,byte[]bytes,outbyte[]responseBytes) ...{ WebClientwebClient=newWebClient(); webClient.Headers.Add("Content-Type",ContentType); try ...{ responseBytes=webClient.UploadData(uploadUrl,bytes); returntrue; } catch(WebExceptionex) ...{ Streamresp=ex.Response.GetResponseStream(); responseBytes=newbyte[ex.Response.ContentLength]; resp.Read(responseBytes,0,responseBytes.Length); } returnfalse; } /**////<summary> ///获取普通表单区域二进制数组 ///</summary> ///<paramname="fieldName">表单名</param> ///<paramname="fieldValue">表单值</param> ///<returns></returns> ///<remarks> ///-----------------------------7d52ee27210a3crnContent-Disposition:form-data;name="表单名"rnrn表单值rn ///</remarks> publicbyte[]CreateFieldData(stringfieldName,stringfieldValue) ...{ stringtextTemplate=Boundary+"rnContent-Disposition:form-data;name="{0}"rnrn{1}rn"; stringtext=String.Format(textTemplate,fieldName,fieldValue); byte[]bytes=encoding.GetBytes(text); returnbytes; } /**////<summary> ///获取文件上传表单区域二进制数组 ///</summary> ///<paramname="fieldName">表单名</param> ///<paramname="filename">文件名</param> ///<paramname="contentType">文件类型</param> ///<paramname="contentLength">文件长度</param> ///<paramname="stream">文件流</param> ///<returns>二进制数组</returns> publicbyte[]CreateFieldData(stringfieldName,stringfilename,stringcontentType,byte[]fileBytes) ...{ stringend="rn"; stringtextTemplate=Boundary+"rnContent-Disposition:form-data;name="{0}";filename="{1}"rnContent-Type:{2}rnrn"; //头数据 stringdata=String.Format(textTemplate,fieldName,filename,contentType); byte[]bytes=encoding.GetBytes(data); //尾数据 byte[]endBytes=encoding.GetBytes(end); //合成后的数组 byte[]fieldData=newbyte[bytes.Length+fileBytes.Length+endBytes.Length]; bytes.CopyTo(fieldData,0);//头数据 fileBytes.CopyTo(fieldData,bytes.Length);//文件的二进制数据 endBytes.CopyTo(fieldData,bytes.Length+fileBytes.Length);//rn returnfieldData; } 属性#region属性 publicstringBoundary ...{ get ...{ string[]bArray,ctArray; stringcontentType=ContentType; ctArray=contentType.Split(';'); if(ctArray[0].Trim().ToLower()=="multipart/form-data") ...{ bArray=ctArray[1].Split('='); return"--"+bArray[1]; } returnnull; } } publicstringContentType ...{ get...{ if(HttpContext.Current==null) ...{ return"multipart/form-data;boundary=---------------------------7d5b915500cee"; } returnHttpContext.Current.Request.ContentType; } } #endregion } } 在Winform中调用 usingSystem; usingSystem.Drawing; usingSystem.Collections; usingSystem.ComponentModel; usingSystem.Windows.Forms; usingSystem.Data; usingUploadData.Common; usingSystem.IO; namespaceUploadDataWin ...{ /**////<summary> ///frmUpload的摘要说明。 ///</summary> publicclassfrmUpload:System.Windows.Forms.Form ...{ privateSystem.Windows.Forms.LabellblAmigoToken; privateSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBoxtxtAmigoToken; privateSystem.Windows.Forms.LabellblFilename; privateSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBoxtxtFilename; privateSystem.Windows.Forms.ButtonbtnBrowse; privateSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBoxtxtFileData; privateSystem.Windows.Forms.LabellblFileData; privateSystem.Windows.Forms.ButtonbtnUpload; privateSystem.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialogopenFileDialog1; privateSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBoxtxtResponse; /**////<summary> ///必需的设计器变量。 ///</summary> privateSystem.ComponentModel.Containercomponents=null; publicfrmUpload() ...{ // //Windows窗体设计器支持所必需的 // InitializeComponent(); // //TODO:在InitializeComponent调用后添加任何构造函数代码 // } /**////<summary> ///清理所有正在使用的资源。 ///</summary> protectedoverridevoidDispose(booldisposing) ...{ if(disposing) ...{ if(components!=null) ...{ components.Dispose(); } } base.Dispose(disposing); } Windows窗体设计器生成的代码#regionWindows窗体设计器生成的代码 /**////<summary> ///设计器支持所需的方法-不要使用代码编辑器修改 ///此方法的内容。 ///</summary> privatevoidInitializeComponent() ...{ this.lblAmigoToken=newSystem.Windows.Forms.Label(); this.txtAmigoToken=newSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); this.lblFilename=newSystem.Windows.Forms.Label(); this.txtFilename=newSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); this.btnBrowse=newSystem.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.txtFileData=newSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); this.lblFileData=newSystem.Windows.Forms.Label(); this.btnUpload=newSystem.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.openFileDialog1=newSystem.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog(); this.txtResponse=newSystem.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); this.SuspendLayout(); // //lblAmigoToken // this.lblAmigoToken.Location=newSystem.Drawing.Point(40,48); this.lblAmigoToken.Name="lblAmigoToken"; this.lblAmigoToken.Size=newSystem.Drawing.Size(72,23); this.lblAmigoToken.TabIndex=0; this.lblAmigoToken.Text="AmigoToken"; // //txtAmigoToken // this.txtAmigoToken.Location=newSystem.Drawing.Point(120,48); this.txtAmigoToken.Name="txtAmigoToken"; this.txtAmigoToken.Size=newSystem.Drawing.Size(248,21); this.txtAmigoToken.TabIndex=1; this.txtAmigoToken.Text=""; // //lblFilename // this.lblFilename.Location=newSystem.Drawing.Point(40,96); this.lblFilename.Name="lblFilename"; this.lblFilename.Size=newSystem.Drawing.Size(80,23); this.lblFilename.TabIndex=2; this.lblFilename.Text="Filename"; // //txtFilename // this.txtFilename.Location=newSystem.Drawing.Point(120,96); this.txtFilename.Name="txtFilename"; this.txtFilename.Size=newSystem.Drawing.Size(248,21); this.txtFilename.TabIndex=3; this.txtFilename.Text=""; // //btnBrowse // this.btnBrowse.Location=newSystem.Drawing.Point(296,144); this.btnBrowse.Name="btnBrowse"; this.btnBrowse.TabIndex=4; this.btnBrowse.Text="浏览..."; this.btnBrowse.Click+=newSystem.EventHandler(this.btnBrowse_Click); // //txtFileData // this.txtFileData.Location=newSystem.Drawing.Point(120,144); this.txtFileData.Name="txtFileData"; this.txtFileData.Size=newSystem.Drawing.Size(168,21); this.txtFileData.TabIndex=5; this.txtFileData.Text=""; // //lblFileData // this.lblFileData.Location=newSystem.Drawing.Point(40,144); this.lblFileData.Name="lblFileData"; this.lblFileData.Size=newSystem.Drawing.Size(72,23); this.lblFileData.TabIndex=6; this.lblFileData.Text="FileData"; // //btnUpload // this.btnUpload.Location=newSystem.Drawing.Point(48,184); this.btnUpload.Name="btnUpload"; this.btnUpload.TabIndex=7; this.btnUpload.Text="Upload"; this.btnUpload.Click+=newSystem.EventHandler(this.btnUpload_Click); // //txtResponse // this.txtResponse.Location=newSystem.Drawing.Point(136,184); this.txtResponse.Multiline=true; this.txtResponse.Name="txtResponse"; this.txtResponse.Size=newSystem.Drawing.Size(248,72); this.txtResponse.TabIndex=8; this.txtResponse.Text=""; // //frmUpload // this.AutoScaleBaseSize=newSystem.Drawing.Size(6,14); this.ClientSize=newSystem.Drawing.Size(400,269); this.Controls.Add(this.txtResponse); this.Controls.Add(this.btnUpload); this.Controls.Add(this.lblFileData); this.Controls.Add(this.txtFileData); this.Controls.Add(this.btnBrowse); this.Controls.Add(this.txtFilename); this.Controls.Add(this.lblFilename); this.Controls.Add(this.txtAmigoToken); this.Controls.Add(this.lblAmigoToken); this.Name="frmUpload"; this.Text="frmUpload"; this.ResumeLayout(false); } #endregion /**////<summary> ///应用程序的主入口点。 ///</summary> [STAThread] staticvoidMain() ...{ Application.Run(newfrmUpload()); } privatevoidbtnUpload_Click(objectsender,System.EventArgse) ...{ //非空检验 if(txtAmigoToken.Text.Trim()==""||txtFilename.Text==""||txtFileData.Text.Trim()=="") ...{ MessageBox.Show("Pleasefilldata"); return; } //所要上传的文件路径 stringpath=txtFileData.Text.Trim(); //检查文件是否存在 if(!File.Exists(path)) ...{ MessageBox.Show("{0}doesnotexist!",path); return; } //读文件流 FileStreamfs=newFileStream(path,FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read,FileShare.Read); //这部分需要完善 stringContentType="application/octet-stream"; byte[]fileBytes=newbyte[fs.Length]; fs.Read(fileBytes,0,Convert.ToInt32(fs.Length)); //生成需要上传的二进制数组 CreateBytescb=newCreateBytes(); //所有表单数据 ArrayListbytesArray=newArrayList(); //普通表单 bytesArray.Add(cb.CreateFieldData("FileName",txtFilename.Text)); bytesArray.Add(cb.CreateFieldData("AmigoToken",txtAmigoToken.Text)); //文件表单 bytesArray.Add(cb.CreateFieldData("FileData",path ,ContentType,fileBytes)); //合成所有表单并生成二进制数组 byte[]bytes=cb.JoinBytes(bytesArray); //返回的内容 byte[]responseBytes; //上传到指定Url booluploaded=cb.UploadData("http://localhost/UploadData/UploadAvatar.aspx",bytes,outresponseBytes); //将返回的内容输出到文件 using(FileStreamfile=newFileStream(@"c:response.text",FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write,FileShare.Read)) ...{ file.Write(responseBytes,0,responseBytes.Length); } txtResponse.Text=System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(responseBytes); } privatevoidbtnBrowse_Click(objectsender,System.EventArgse) ...{ if(openFileDialog1.ShowDialog()==DialogResult.OK) ...{ txtFileData.Text=openFileDialog1.FileName; } } } } 完整的代码见附件:UploadData.rar(38K)(http://bbs.openlab.net.cn/PostAttachment.aspx?PostID=400927),解压后给web目录建个虚拟目录"UploadData",其中UploadAvatar.aspx是实际的上传处理页,如果上传成功,则返回文件名和文件类型等信息。default.aspx是asp.net页面来调用WebClient.UploadData方法提交数据,UploadDataWin项目则是winform程序调用。

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