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There is a contradiction, however, between GII-GIS rhetoric, which focuses on deregulation and unfettered mobility, and its more specific policy objectives, which stress the need for 'infrastructure' and 'networks'. These infrastructural policy objectives imply support for fixed invest- ments and communication between fixed points (that presumably lie within state territory). However, the GII-GIS concept, while making use of these territorially situated and state-bound networks that interconnect, avoids referencing the unevenness, nodes and unique dynamics of infra- structure in the networked economy or network society. GII-GIS rhetoric assumes that by loosening market forces from the restrictions of regula- tion, investment in new technologies will emerge to meet market demands.
This argument is reminiscent of the liberal view of space and its concep- tual distinction between production/territory/fixity and trade/non- territory/mobility. According to this rhetoric, the state territories within which productive activities occur exist logically prior to trade, and 'free' trade will flow across the seamless non-territory between states, if only states would remove regulations that presently hinder this trade. This imagery notwithstanding, historical research on economic development of countries in the global periphery has noted the importance of transpor- tation and communication infrastructures designed to export staples or commodities to the metropole in shaping the geography and the path of national development or underdevelopment (Innis, 1995). In 'staples' theory, the overcapacity and rigidities associated with infrastructure investments designed for connecting to the world economy contribute to a continued cycle of economic crisis that stifles diversity in economic growth.
In fact, GII-GIS' dual mandate of fostering cyberspace both as a space of flows (mobility) and as a space of development (fixity) is fraught with contradictions. The US effectively has recognized this contradiction in GIl- GIS' dual mandate by funding construction of a second Internet system, the Next Generation Internet (NGI), a high-speed network devoted solely to non-commercial activities (MacKie-Mason and Varian, 1996; White House, 1996). By creating a second Internet, the original Internet (tellingly referred to as 'the commodity Internet') increasingly may lose its identity as a free space of flows where a lack of barriers maximises communication efficiency. Instead, the 'commodity Internet' can be reconstituted as a space wherein those making fixed investments may reap profits under the protection of state regulation while the NGI retains its friction-free purity. Over time, however, it seems likely that commercial interests will demandaccess to the higher-quality connectivity of the NGI, generating yet another round of tension within the fixity-mobility dialectic.

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青春期躁动症

2026-10-23 15:42:57

存在一个矛盾，但是，全球信息基础设施之间的地理信息系统的言论，这对放松管制和不受阻碍地流动集中，其更有具体的政策目标，它特别强调需要“基础设施”和“网络”。这些基础设施的政策目标意味着固定投资—— 延期付款和固定点（即大概在通信保障国家领土的谎言）。但是，全球信息基础设施和地理信息系统的概念，同时使这些领土位于和国家限制的网络互连使用，避免在引用网络经济或网络社会的不平衡、节点和基础设施的独特的动力。全球信息基础设施，地理信息系统的修辞假定有规律开展览等新技术的投资，市场的力量会出现，以满足市场需求。
这一论点是对空间和理念的转变，使双方之间的区别自由派观点让人想起生产/地区/固定性和贸易/非领土性/流动性。根据这一论调，国家领土内的生产活动发生之前存在逻辑上的贸易，和“自由”贸易将流过无缝非国家之间的领土，只要国家消除目前阻碍这种贸易的法规。这种比喻虽然如此，在全球外围对国家经济发展的历史研究已注意到交通运输和通信基础设施的重要性，其旨在塑造出口的地理和民族发展或不发达路径（英尼斯主食或商品的大都会， 1995年）。根据斯特普尔斯理论，它提出了一种过剩和刚性基础设施投资的相关设计，在持续循环经济危机,经济增长会窒息多样性等方面，为连接到世界经济做出了巨大的贡献。
事实上，“全球信息基础设施，地理信息系统”双重任务培养既作为网络空间的流动空间（流动），并作为发展空间（固定性）是充满矛盾。实际上，美国在认识到资助的第二个互联网体系建设这一矛盾时已经认识到在这种双重任务，这种网络被称为下一代互联网（下一代互联网），具有高速网络，专门用于纯粹非商业活动（马茨凯，梅森和瓦里安1996年白宫，1996年）。通过创建第二个互联网，原互联网（淋漓尽致称为'商品互联网'）越来越可能失去作为一个流动的障碍，如缺乏沟通效率最大化的自由空间，它的身份。相反，“商品互联网”可以改组为一个固定的空间，使其中的投资可能获得的国家调节下保障利润，而下一代互联网保持其无摩擦的纯洁性。随着时间的推移，但是，它很可能是商业利益将完全可变需要进接到下一代互联网更高质量的连接，产生另一种固定性内机动辩证的张力轮。

春光乍泄

2026-02-23 09:24:46

有一个矛盾,然而,GII-GIS修辞手段,以管制和自由流动,其更具体的政策目标,必须强调“基础”和“网络”。这些基建政策目标意味着支持固定投资——和不动点之间的沟通,在国家领土的推测。然而,GII-GIS概念,同时利用这些territorially网络连接,state-bound,避免参考丛集性、节点和独特的infra -结构动力在网络经济或网络的社会。GII-GIS修辞假设通过放松市场力量的限制,从regula,投资于新技术,满足市场需求。
这个观点的自由的空间,它的概念——灵性的区别,生产/区域/固结和非领土/商业/迁移。根据这一修辞、国家领土内的生产活动发生之前存在逻辑的自由贸易,并且会在贸易non-territory之间无缝,如果美国将除去条例,现阻碍。尽管这个意象,在经济发展的历史研究的国家在全球的外围有提到的重要性和通讯设施transpor——用于出口商品到metropole主食的地理和塑造的道路不发达国家发展改革委或(Innis,1995)。在斯台普斯的理论,提出了一种过剩和刚性基础设施投资的相关设计为连接到世界经济做出了巨大的贡献,持续循环经济危机,经济增长会窒息多样性。
事实上,GII-GIS的双重使命的培养作为一个网络的流动空间流动性)和(空间)的发展(固结充满了矛盾。我们认识到这一点的有效的矛盾的双重任务吉尔- GIS资助建设第二网络系统,下一代互联网(乐),高速网络投入仅仅为非商业性活动(MacKie-Mason,1996年,该公司于1996年);在白宫。通过创造第二个网络,原来的网络(同时被称作“商品”)的网上身份可能会失去它越来越多的流动空间在一个自由的缺乏效率最大化地交流障碍。相反,“商品”可以被重建为互联网在那些使固定投资可能获得利润的护卫下,国家规定而乐无摩擦是纯洁的。保持其然而,随着时间的推移,它看起来很可能是商业利益将demandaccess到更高的连通性,产生了另一轮乐在fixity-mobility辩证法的张力

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