linux ubunt 安装软件的前期准备——更新源的更换

如果是高手,请翻到页面最下方,更换更新源的总结,直接操作即可可能会优点啰嗦,但是认真看,一定能解决问题~~希望对大家有帮助~最近在熟悉linux环境,自己安装了

  如果是高手,请翻到页面最下方,更换更新源的总结,直接操作即可

  

可能会优点啰嗦,但是认真看,一定能解决问题~~希望对大家有帮助~


  最近在熟悉linux环境,自己安装了一个ubuntu虚拟机。 很多朋友问装了ubuntu怎么改成中文版,装完系统后可能没有中文包,自动联网下载又连不上外国的服务器。所以在这里,我把自己更换软件更新源的方法写出来分享一下~

 

 

 

更新源是什么呢??  在ubuntu系统中,有一个文件,里面放着更新源信息,当我们下载软件的时候,都会去文件里找去哪个服务器下载。但是系统是人家外国人的,更新源默认都是外国服务器,我们下载软件自然很吃力。

 

 

解决办法:我们把更新源改成中国的服务器吧~~~

 

 

下面我会一步一步操作一下更改更新源:

1  跳到更新源文件所在的目录下,终端执行:

cd /etc/apt/

  此时,我们可以在当前目录看一下里面的文件,终端执行: ls   我们会看到当前目录下所有文件,不出意外 会有一个sources.list文件,这个文件里面写的就是更新源。我们接下来都是对它进行操作

 

2  将原来的更新源备份一下,注意要用管理员权限进行操作,终端执行:

sudo cp sources.list copy_sources.list

  此时,当前目录下会多一个copy_sources.list的文件,是我们自己的备份,万一我们把更新源改坏了,还可以恢复回来

 

3  更换更新源

  我们可以在百度上搜索“ubuntu xxxx版本   更新源”,类似这样的关键字,就能搜到。

  我们挑选一个自己喜欢的更新源,将上面的源码复制一下,粘贴到sources.list源文件里面覆盖原来的内容保存,这样就改掉了更新源。但是往往需要我们用管理员权限,具体操作:终端中执行:

sudo gedit sources.list
  然后复制更新源代码,更换sources.list文件里的代码,保存,退出。
  ok了!!到了这里基本完成了



ubuntu16.04版本的更新源:

东北大学

deb-src http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse

 



清华大学

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.1)]/ xenial main restricted
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse

 





阿里云

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.1)]/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse

 




-------------------------------------------------------
ubuntu1 18 版本的更新源:
阿里的
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

 

中科大的
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

 

163网易的

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

 

清华大学的

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

 








4  检查一下是否能成功下载软件,终端执行
  sudo apt-get update


等待进度完成,我们的ubuntu就能够从国内的服务器下载软件了~~~~




~总结一下(干货!省略很多步骤,菜鸟不要直接参考):
1 打开更新源文件并编辑:终端: sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list 或者 sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

2 搜所适合自己的更新源服务器代码,也可参考上面我分享给大家的,把代码复制,粘贴替换sources.list文件里的代码,保存退出
3 终端:sudo apt-get update
结束!